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A collection of resources to learn object-oriented programming and related concepts for PHP developers.Please see CONTRIBUTING for details and contribute. ;)

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Tutorials

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OOP Fundamentals

Object-oriented programming fundamentals tutorials.

• Object Introduction (►) - An introduction about objects and related concepts.
• Intro To Object Associations (►) - An introduction about object associations.
• Object-Oriented Programming (►) - An introduction about object-oriented programming in general.
• Getting Started with OOP in PHP (►) - Object-oriented programming introduction in PHP.
• Beginning OOP in PHP (►) - Another object-oriented programming introduction in PHP.
• Intermediate OOP in PHP (►) - Intermediate concepts about object-oriented programming in PHP.
• PHP OOP Tutorials (►) - Tutorials about OOP, Design Patterns and MVC.
• PHP Object Oriented Programming Fundamentals (►$) - An introduction course about object-oriented programming in PHP.
• OOP Official PHP Reference - PHP official reference about object-oriented programming.
• Object-Oriented PHP for Beginners - A tutorial about OOP in PHP for beginners.
• Introduction to OOP Concepts and More - A tutorial about OOP and an introduction to UML and Design Patterns.
• From Procedural to Object Oriented PHP - A tutorial from procedural to object-oriented programming in PHP.
• OOP vs Procedural Code - Difference between OOP and procedural code.

OOP Advanced

Object-oriented programming advanced tutorials.

• What Are Abstract Classes? - A tutorial explaining abstract classes in PHP.
• Abstract Classes and Interfaces (►) - Introduction about abstract classes and interfaces.
• When should I code to an Interface? - A tutorial explaining what is and when to use interfaces in PHP.
• Understanding and Applying Polymorphism in PHP - A tutorial explaining about abstract classes, interfaces and polymorphism in PHP.
• Inheritance and Polymorphism Concepts (►) - An introduction about inheritance and polymorphism.
• Beyond Inheritance - A tutorial explaining what is inheritance and its types.
• The Clean Code Talks - Inheritance, Polymorphism, & Testing (►) - A tutorial about polymorphism and how it affects testing.
• PHP Namespaces Explained - A tutorial explaining how namespaces works in PHP.
• PHP Namespaces - A tutorial explaining what is and how namespaces works in PHP.
• PHP Namespaces in 120 Seconds Tutorial (►) - A 120 seconds long tutorial explaining what is and how to use namespaces in PHP.
• PSR-Huh? - An introduction about PSR standards.
• Autoloading in PHP and the PSR-0 Standard - An introduction about what is autoloading in PHP and the PSR-0 standard.
• Battle of the Autoloaders: PSR-0 vs. PSR-4 - A tutorial explaining the difference between PSR-0 and PSR-4 autoloader standards.
• PSR-4 Autoloading (►$) - A tutorial explaining PSR-4 autoloader standard.
• How Static Works in PHP (►) - An introduction on how static members work in PHP.
• When to Use Static Methods - A tutorial explaining when to use static methods in PHP.
• PHP Exceptions - An introduction about exceptions in PHP.
• When should you use an Exception? - A tutorial explaining when to use exceptions in PHP.
• Error Handling in PHP - An introduction about error handling in PHP and exceptions.
• What are PHP Magic Methods? - A tutorial explaining what is magic methods and examples on how to use them in PHP.
• Magic Methods and Predefined Constants in PHP - A tutorial about magic methods and predefined constants in PHP.
• What are PHP Traits? - A tutorial explaining what is and how to use traits in PHP.
• Using Traits in PHP 5.4 - Another tutorial explaining what is and how to use traits in PHP.
• The PHP Reflection API (►) - A tutorial explaining the PHP Reflection API.
• What is Reflection in PHP? - A tutorial explaining what is, when to use and some samples about reflection in PHP.
• Reflection in PHP - Another tutorial about reflection in PHP.
• UML 2.0 Tutorial (►) - An introduction tutorial about UML.
• UML - Another introduction tutorial about UML.
• Composer Primer - A complete tutorial about what is and how to use Composer.
• Easy Package Management With Composer - An introduction about Composer.
• Better Workflow in PHP With Composer, Namespacing, and PHPUnit - An introduction tutorial explaining how to use Composer, namespaces and PHPUnit in a PHP project.
• PHP Testing Basics (►) - An introduction about tests in PHP.
• Test-Driven PHP in Action (►$) - An introduction about test-driven development in PHP.
• OOP in PHP With Tests (►$) - A tutorial about OOP in PHP with tests.
• Introduction to PhpDoc - An introduction about code documentation in PHP.
• PHP & Enums (►) - An introduction about enums in PHP.
• Type Hinting in PHP - An introduction about type hinting in PHP.
• Introduction to Static and Dynamic Typing - A tutorial explaining static and dynamic typing in programming.
• Annotations in PHP: They Exist! (►) - An introduction to annotations in PHP.

Object-Oriented Design

Object-oriented design tutorials.

• Object-Oriented Design in PHP (►$) - An introduction to object-oriented design in PHP.
• Object Oriented Design Cheat Sheet - A cheat sheet about object-oriented design.
• Principles Of Object Oriented Design - An introduction to some principles about object-oriented design.
• Foundations Of OO Design - Some thoughts about object-oriented design.
• How to Write Code That Embraces Change - An introduction to OOD principles like cohesion, orthogonality, coupling, SOLID and others.
• Build seven good object-oriented habits in PHP - A tutorial about good habits in OOP in PHP.
• 3 Key Software Principles You Must Understand - An introduction to DRY, KISS and YAGNI principles.
• From STUPID to SOLID Code! - An introduction to SOLID principles.
• Don't be STUPID: GRASP SOLID! - An introduction to SOLID principles in PHP.
• Don't Be Stupid, Grasp Solid - Slides - An introduction to SOLID and other OOD principles in PHP.
• The SOLID Principles - A series of tutorials about SOLID principles in PHP.
• The Single Responsibility Principle - An introduction to Single Responsibility Principle in PHP.
• The Open/Closed Principle - An introduction to Open/Closed Principle in PHP.
• Constructors and Breaking the Liskov Substitution Principle - An introduction to Liskov Substitution Principle in PHP.
• Inversion of Control – The Hollywood Principle - An introduction to Inversion of Control Principle in PHP.
• The Dependency Inversion Principle - An introduction to Dependency Inversion Principle in PHP.
• SRP: The Single Responsibility Principle - An article explaining the Single Responsibility Principle.
• The Open-Closed Principle - An article explaining the Open/Closed Principle.
• The Liskov Substitution Principle - An article explaining the Liskov Substitution Principle.
• The Interface Segregation Principle - An article explaining the Interface Segregation Principle.
• The Dependency Inversion Principle - An article explaining the Dependency Inversion Principle.
• Inversion of Control Containers and the Dependency Injection Pattern - An article about Inversion of Control Containers and the Dependency Injection Pattern.
• DIP in the Wild - An article about Dependency Inversion Principle.
• Reducing Coupling - An article about reducing coupling.
• Tell Don't Ask - An introduction to Tell Don't Ask principle.
• Introduction to the Law of Demeter - An introduction to the Law of Demeter.
• You Aren't Gonna Need It - An introduction to YAGNI principle.
• Premature Optimization - An introduction to Premature Optimization anti-pattern.
• Primitive Obsession - An introduction to Primitive Obsession anti-pattern.
• God Class - An introduction to God Class anti-pattern.
• Object Calisthenics - An introduction to Object Calisthenics.
• Your code sucks, let's fix it! - An introduction to Object Calisthenics in PHP.
• Domain-Driven Design - An introduction to Domain-Driven Design.
• The Null Object Pattern - Polymorphism in Domain Models - An introduction to the Null Object Pattern in PHP.
• An Introduction to Services - An introduction to Services in PHP.
• Evolving Toward a Persistence Layer - An introduction to Persistence Layer implementation in PHP.
• Building a Domain Model – An Introduction to Persistence Agnosticism and Building a Domain Model – Integrating Data Mappers - A tutorial about creating a Domain Model in PHP.
• Handling Collections of Aggregate Roots – the Repository Pattern - An introduction to the Repository Pattern in PHP.
• Value Objects - An introduction to Value Objects in PHP.
• What is the difference between Entities and Value Objects? - A tutorial explaining the difference between Entities and Value Objects.
• What’s the difference between Active Record and Data Mapper? - A tutorial explaining the difference between Active Record and Data Mapper patterns.
• Managing Class Dependencies: An Introduction to Dependency Injection, Service Locators, and Factories, Part 1 and Managing Class Dependencies: An Introduction to Dependency Injection, Service Locators, and Factories, Part 2 - An introduction to Dependency Injection, Service Locators and Factories.
• Money Pattern: The Right Way to Represent Value-Unit Pairs - An introduction to the Money Pattern in PHP.
• Working with Money and Currency in PHP - A tutorial about how to work with Money and Currency in PHP.
• Working with Products, Orders and Sales in PHP - A tutorial about how to work with Products, Orders and Sales in PHP.
• Reusing Implementation – a Walk-through of Inheritance, Composition, and Delegation - A tutorial about code reusing and OOP in PHP.
• Design Tech Talk Series Presents: OO Design for Testability (►) - A talk about Object-Oriented Design a testability.
• The Clean Code Talks - Don't Look For Things! (►) - Another talk about Object-Oriented Design a testability.
• Programming With Anthony - Paradigm Soup (►) - An introduction to programming paradigms and its differences.
• Programming With Anthony - Dependency Injection (►) - An introduction to Dependency Injection.
• What is Dependency Injection? - An introduction to Dependency Injection in PHP.
• Dependency Injection with PHP 5.3 - Slides about Dependency Injection in PHP.
• Why use a Dependency Injection Container? - A tutorial of what is and when to use a Dependency Injection Container.
• Dependency Injection with Pimple - An introduction to Dependency Injection and how use Pimple for that.
• Dependency Injection Is Not The Same As The Dependency Inversion Principle - A tutorial explaining the difference between Dependency Injection and Dependency Inversion Principle.
• Catalog of Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture - A catalog of Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture.

Design Patterns

Design patterns tutorials.

• Design Patterns - A complete tutorial about design patterns.
• A Beginner's Guide to Design Patterns - An introduction tutorial to design patterns.
• Design Patterns - Programming With Anthony (►) - An introduction to design patterns.
• Beyond Design Patterns - Another introduction tutorial to design patterns.
• The Whens and Whys for PHP Design Patterns - A tutorial explaining why and when use design patterns in PHP.
• Design Patterns Workshop (►) - A workshop about design patterns in PHP.
• Design Patterns Video Tutorial (►) - A series about design patterns.
• PHP Design Patterns - Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software (►) - A series about design patterns in PHP.
• Agile Design Patterns (►$) - A series about design patterns in PHP.
• Design Patterns in PHP (►$) - Another series about design patterns in PHP.
• Introduction to Design Patterns with PHP - An introduction slide to SOLID and design patterns in PHP.
• Database Design Patterns - A slide about database design patterns in PHP.
• Design Patterns PHP - A collection of design patterns and some code implementation in PHP.
• Anti Patterns - A complete tutorial about anti patterns.
• Design Patterns with PHP - Adapters - A tutorial about Adapter pattern in PHP.
• Practical Aspects of the Adapter Pattern - Another tutorial about Adapter pattern in PHP.
• Understanding the Command Design Pattern - A tutorial about Command pattern in PHP.
• Understanding the Observer Pattern - A tutorial about Observer pattern in PHP.
• Iterators - Programming With Anthony (►) - An introduction to Iterator pattern in PHP.
• Iterators in PHP (►) - A talk about iterators in PHP.
• Mediators - Programming With Anthony - An introduction to Mediator pattern.
• Manage Complexity with the Facade Pattern - An introduction to Facade pattern in PHP.
• What are the benefits of using Repositories? - An introduction to Repository pattern in PHP.
• The Repository Design Pattern - A complete tutorial about Repository pattern in PHP.
• An Introduction to the Front Controller Pattern, Part 1 and An Introduction to the Front Controller Pattern, Part 2 - An introduction to Front Controller pattern in PHP.
• The Template Method Pattern - Override Strategy Logic - An introduction to Template method in PHP.
• What is the Factory Method Design Pattern? - An introduction to Factory pattern in PHP.
• What is the Decorator Pattern? - An introduction to Decorator pattern in PHP.

Refactoring

Refactoring tutorials.

• Refactoring - A complete tutorial guide about refactoring.
• Code Refactoring (►) - A series about code refactoring.
• Clean Code Refactoring (►) - A talk about refactoring and clean code in PHP.
• Refactoring Legacy Code - A tutorial series about refactoring legacy code with examples.
• Detecting Code Smells (►$) - A series about code smells in PHP.
• Techniques for Refactoring Code (►$) - A series about refactoring code in PHP.
• Workflows of Refactoring (►) - A talk about workflows of refactoring.
• Beyond Clean Code - An introduction about clean code.
• Catalog of Refactorings - A catalog of refactorings.

Architecture

Architecture tutorials.

• Create Your Own PHP Framework - A series of articles on how to create your own PHP framework.
• Creating Your Own MVC Series (►) - Another series on how to create your own PHP framework.
• A Beginner's Guide To MVC For The Web - A tutorial about MVC for the web.
• The MVC Pattern and PHP, Part 1 and The MVC Pattern and PHP, Part 2 - An introduction tutorial about MVC pattern.
• Alternatives To MVC - An introduction to alternative architectures to MVC.
• N-Tier Architecture - An Introduction - An introduction to n-tier architecture.
• Hexagonal Architecture - An introduction to Hexagonal Architecture in PHP.

Miscellaneous

Not related to OOP but interesting resources.

• Awesome PHP - A curated list of amazingly awesome PHP libraries, resources and shiny things.
• PHP The Right Way - A complete guide about the best practices and tutorials in PHP.
• PHP Lecture Slides - A complete and concise slide about PHP fundamentals, OOP, REST, Composer, MVC, Design Patterns, ORM, Security, OOD and testing in PHP.
• Functional Programming in PHP - An introduction to functional programming in PHP.
• Functional Programming and PHP - Another introduction to functional programming and concepts in PHP.
• What's In A Type - A tutorial about types and PHP.
• Data Structures for PHP Devs: Stacks and Queues - A tutorial about Stacks and Queues data structures in PHP.
• Data Structures for PHP Devs: Trees - A tutorial about Tree data structure in PHP.
• Data Structures for PHP Devs: Heaps - A tutorial about Heap data structure in PHP.
• Data Structures for PHP Devs: Graphs - A tutorial about Graph data structure in PHP.
• PHP Security Pitfalls (►$) - A series about security in PHP.

Videos

Videos about object-oriented programming and related concepts.

• ..more to come..

Slides

Slides about object-oriented programming and related concepts.

• The OOP in PHP - An introductory tutorial to OOP concepts and terminology using PHP's object model as an example.

Courses

Courses about object-oriented programming and related concepts.

• ..more to come..

Books

Fantastic and must-read books about object-oriented programming, analysis, design and related concepts.

People

Some fantastic and influential PHP and non-PHP developers.

• Adam Culp - Consultant at Zend Technologies and Sunshine PHP organizer.
• Alvaro Videla - Creator of PHP library for RabbitMQ and co-author of RabbitMQ in Action.
• Andi Gutmans - CEO and co-founder of Zend and PHP co-architect.
• Andy Hunt - One of the original authors of Agile Manifesto and co-author of The Pragmatic Programmer book.
• Anthony Ferrara - Co-author of PHP Internals book and Developer Advocate for Google.
• Benjamin Eberlei - Project-leader of Doctrine ORM and contributor to the Symfony2 Framework.
• Bernhard Schussek - Member of Symfony2 core development and creator of Puli library.
• Bruno Skvorc - Web developer and PHP editor in Sitepoint.
• Cal Evans - PHP developer and open source contributor.
• Chad Fowler - Developer, speaker and author of The Passionate Programmer book.
• Christophe Coevoet - Member of Symfony2 core development and open source contributor to projects like Doctrine ORM.
• David Zuelke - PHP developer at Heroku and regular speaker.
• Dayle Rees - Laravel evangelist and author of Laravel Code Bright and Code Happy books.
• Derick Rethans - Author of Xdebug and PHP engineer/evangelist on MongoDB.
• Erika Heidi - Author of Vagrant Cookbook and Phansible project and developer evangelist at Digital Ocean.
• Fabien Potencier - CEO and co-founder of SensioLabs and founder and project lead of Symfony Framework.
• Guilherme Blanco - PHP developer and open source contributor to projects like Doctrine ORM and Zend and Symfony frameworks.
• Hugo Hamon - PHP developer and head of training in SensioLabs.
• Igor Wiedler - Creator of Silex micro-framework and open-source contributor to projects like Symfony and Composer.
• Javier Eguiluz - Symfony evangelist in SensioLab and creator of easybook project.
• Jeffrey Way - Creator of Laracasts and Laravel contributor and evangelist.
• Jeremy Mikola - Engineer at MongoDB, open source contributor to projects like Doctrine ODM and Symfony Framework, and co-organizer of WurstCon.
• Johannes Schmitt - Founder of Scrutinizer CI and open source contributor to projects like Symfony.
• Jordi Boggiano - Founder of Toran Proxy, co-creator and project lead of Composer and Monolog and Symfony core developer.
• Josh Lockhart - Creator of Slim Framework and PHP The Right Way site.
• Julien Pauli - Co-author of PHP Internals book and open source contributor.
• Kent Beck - One of the original authors of Agile Manifesto and creator of Exteme Programming and Test Driven Development.
• Konstantin Kudryashov - Creator of Behat and PhpSpec test frameworks.
• Kris Wallsmith - PHP developer and creator of Assetic framework and Buzz library.
• Larry Garfield - PHP developer and core contributor of Drupal.
• Lukas Kahwe Smith - PHP developer and open source contributor to projects like Doctrine ORM and Symfony Framework.
• Marcello Duarte - PHP developer and co-creator of PhpSpec test framework.
• Martin Fowler - One of the original authors of Agile Manifesto and author of the best selling books about software engineering like Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture and Refactoring books.
• Matthew Weier O'Phinney - Principal Enginner at Zend Technologies and project lead for Zend Framework and Apigility.
• Matthias Noback - PHP developer and author of books like A Year with Symfony and Principles of Package Design.
• Marco Pivetta - PHP developer and core team member of Doctrine ORM and team member of Zend Framework.
• Michael Dowling - Software enginner at Amazon Web Services and creator of Guzzle library.
• Mike van Riel - PHP developer and lead developer of phpDocumentor and Cilex projects.
• Nikita Popov - Co-author of PHP Internals book, open source contributor and creator of PHP Parser library.
• Nils Adermann - PHP developer and co-creator of Composer.
• Pablo Godel - PHP developer, open source contributor and co-organizer of Sunshine PHP.
• Paul Jones - PHP developer, creator of Aura PHP, open source contributor and author of Modernizing Legacy Applications in PHP.
• Phil Sturgeon - Founder of PyroCMS, open source contributor and author of Build APIs You Won't Hate book.
• Philip Brown - PHP developer and writer in Culttt website.
• Pádraic Brady - Creator of Mockery library and open source contributor to projects like Zend Framework.
• Rafael Dohms - PHP developer and evangelist, open source contributor and organizer of Amsterdam PHP.
• Rasmus Lerdorf - Creator of PHP and open source contributor.
• Rob Allen - PHP developer, Zend Framework contributor and co-author of Zend Framework in Action book.
• Robert C. Martin - One of the original authors of Agile Manifesto and author of the best selling books about software engineering like Clean Code and Agile Principles, Patterns, and Practices in C# books.
• Ryan Weaver - PHP developer, trainer and consultant at KnpLabs and member of Symfony core team.
• Sara Golemon - Open source contributor to projects like PHP runtime and HHVM and author of Extending and Embedding PHP book.
• Sebastian Bergmann - PHP developer, open source contributor and creator of PHPUnit test framework.
• Taylor Otwell - PHP developer and creator of Laravel Framework.
• Ward Cunningham - Programmer pioneer in Design Patterns and Extreme Programming.
• William Durand - PHP developer, open source contributor and creator of Geocoder library.
• Zeev Suraski - CTO and co-founder of Zend and PHP co-architect.

Some Questions

I found not related to PHP resources. Is this correct?
The project name is 'Learning OOP in PHP'. But, despite the name, object oriented programming is a concept related to a lot of other languages like C++, Java, C#, Python, Ruby and so on. That said, exists a lot of fantastic resources like videos and tutorials about object-oriented programming made in another programming languages and I considered reasonable include them here in this reference.

There are some tutorials that aren't in the correct section?
I tried to keep this reference as simple as possible and divided it in a few areas. But there are some problems! Feel free to make any suggestions and contribute.

I am trying to learn OOP. The so called 'real world' examples in the books I am reading aren't helping.

All the examples like Pet, Car, Human aren't helping me anymore. I need REAL LIFE examples that like registration, user profile pages, etc.

An example:

I've also seen:

where :

Holds all the information in an array.

And within that same class lies

Are there any real world examples implementing OOP in the many different php applications (registration, login, user account, etc)?

Eric LeschinskiBDuelzBDuelz

7 Answers

OOP is not only about how a single class looks and operates. It's also about how instances of one or more classes work together.

That's why you see so many examples based on 'Cars' and 'People' because they actually do a really good job of illustrating this principle.

In my opinion, the most important lessons in OOP are encapsulation and polymorphism.

Encapsulation: Coupling data and the logic which acts on that data together in a concise, logical mannerPolymorphism: The ability for one object to look-like and/or behave-like another.

A good real-world example of this would be something like a directory iterator. Where is this directory? Maybe it's a local folder, maybe it's remote like an FTP server. Who knows!

Here's a basic class tree that demonstrates encapsulation:

Each class/object is responsible for its own method of retrieving a directory listing. The data (variables) are coupled to the logic (class functions i.e, methods) that use the data.

But the story is not over - remember how I said OOP is about how instances of classes work together, and not any single class or object?

Ok, so let's do something with this data - print it to the screen? Sure. But how? HTML? Plain-text? RSS? Let's address that.

Ok, now we have a couple class trees for traversing and rendering directory lists. How do we use them?

Now, I know what you're thinking, 'But Peter, I don't need these big class trees to do this!' but if you think that then you're missing the point, much like I suspect you have been with the 'Car' and 'People' examples. Don't focus on the minutiae of the example - instead try to understand what's happening here.

We've created two class trees where one (*DirectoryRenderer) uses the other (*DirectoryIterator) in an expected way - this is often referred to as a contract. An instance of *DirectoryRenderer doesn't care which type of instance of *DirectoryIterator it receives, nor do instances of *DirectoryIterator care about how they're being rendered.

Why? Because we've designed them that way. They just plug into each other and work. This is OOP in action.

dreftymacPeter BaileyPeter Bailey

Purchase a book like 'PHP and Mysql everyday apps for Dummies'.

Its old I know [2005] but it shows concepts of User Logins, Forum, Shopping Carts, etc in both Procedural and Object Oriented with Mysqli.

It helped me learn Object Oriented PHP, I studied it a lot. Well worth the money.

OOP is much like grouping bits of your program into reuseable pieces. Its not that hard to be honest with you its just the idea of packing your functions into classes.

Real world mini example of OOP stuff below:

CLASS DATABASE
CLASS SESSIONS
CLASS WEBFORMS
CLASS EMAIL

CLASS ACCOUNTS (Example Functions below)
FUNCTION SELECTACCOUNT
FUNCTION CHECKPASSWORD
FUNCTION CHECKUSERNAME
FUNCTION CREATEACCOUNT

I hope you keep at it, PHP 6 will be re-engineered to support OOP more than ever.

Good Luck!

Whilst I know that this question has been answered already, I feel as though I can add value here.

I don't believe that you should use PHP as a programming language to learn OOP. If you wish to learn OOP for web applications, you should really be looking at C# or Java. Once you have learned OOP, then you can apply this knowledge to PHP. One example of a book I used to learn OOP was Big Java by Cay S. Horstmann

Why do I say this??? Because there are literally millions of examples on PHP of how to do stuff, however not many are examples of how to program properly. Further to this, PHP allows you to take many shortcuts, which would not be acceptable with the likes of Java. As such, if you program PHP with a Java head, then I believe that you will be a stronger programmer. OOP is not language specific, it is a programming paradigm.

If you must learn OOP using PHP, then I would recommend that you take a look at some real source code in public repositories of github. You can search them in packagist.org. If they are a decent public repository, they will contain a readme.md file which would show you how to use the composer packages. e.g https://github.com/moltin/laravel-cart is an example of a shopping cart package which you would be able to use in your application. Notice how you don't need to look at the package source code to understand what the packages do. The package has been written, and you don't care about how they work, but you use them so you only need to know how to use them. This is exactly what OOP is about.

I don't care how the shopping cart class adds an item to the cart, I just want to create a new cart and add something to it.

What you are doing however is diving into the source code as a tool to understand how OOP works.

Further to this, and probably more importantly, for web application development, I would research the MVC design pattern.

The MVC design Pattern stands for Model, View, Controller. Where in the case of a web application, The Model is responsible for modelling the database, the view is responsible for displaying content to the user. The controller is responsible for interacting with the model and handling user input.

I then think you should try to install the Laravel Framework or other 'decent modern framework' on your local machine. Why do I say modern, because modern frameworks require a minumum PHP version of 5.3+ which mean that the PHP on your machine would support real OOP similar to that which you would get from the likes of Java.

There are many tutorials which will show you how to build web applications in laravel. Immediately, you will see that when you create a controller, you extend a BaseController. When you create a Model, you extend Eloquent. This means that you will already be using Polymorphism in your code. You will see that by using classes, they are being encapsulated, and you will see that each class has a specific role.

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When you would like to interact with the database, you will initially create a new Model object within the controller methods. As you start to learn more, you will start learning how to inject dependencies into the controller, then learning how to dump your models and create repositories and program to interfaces instead.

A decent book on learning Laravel for beginners would be https://leanpub.com/codebright by Dale Rees. I met Dale at a Laravel meetup about 2 weeks ago.

Further to this, as you become more proficient building web applications, you will start to learn how to apply the following principles to your programming:

• Single Responsibility Principle
• Open Closed Principle
• Liskov Substitution Principle
• Interface Segragation Principle
• Dependency Inversion Principle

GravyGravy

As astropanic said, you could take a look at the source code of a good PHP framework or library. I recommend Zend Framework, it's very modular and has a great, professional design. I would say it is a very good piece of object-oriented PHP code.

Still, I think it's not that easy to learn from a huge piece of production code, since it wasn't really made to teach you anything. But if you want real-world object-oriented PHP code, the Zend Framework (or Symfony, or maybe CakePHP) is probably the way to go.

moowaremooware

I'd advise you to stay away from any framework at this moment, if you do not know OOP, digging into zend or any other framework would be too much.

PHP OOP is quit funny.. like ha ha funny, because it's supported, but PHP is not an OOP language like java or c#.

Short example just to underline my statement:

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but if you want to do OOP 'on the fly' you can do the following:

and then

but you can use OOP like you would in java or c# but not to the same extend - and have in mind, popular systems like wordpress and drupal are not pure OOP! but you can do inheritance and other classing OOP stuff in PHP as well.

Beck world at risk pdf printer. Life expectancy is high, comfort levels are high – your kids are less likely to die on you today than at any other time in history – so, it could be argued that our sense of ‘risk’ is a crazy over-reaction to what we should really view as a golden age. The problem is not just that we are malcontents – rather in the past, people in advanced nations in particular had a sense that the nation state was able to provide a sense of security towards risks and this involved us in a trusting relationship with our nations and even our ‘betters’.

kristian nissenkristian nissen

Filehippo - Download Free Software

I haven't gone far in PHP OOP, but the more i get into it the more easier it becomes. The objects examples are just there for you to understand how OOP works. I understand and been through this before, OOP is just about properties and methods ( normal variables and functions). I programed in real OOP myself applying the examples from my tutorials and didn't necessarily have to be in real world. That is just like been spoon fed and you would never understand OOP and would be easy to forget. My advice learn to understand. If you understand, you can do anything and would realize the power of OOP. I downloaded this book and i think you should too. But that is just like someone building your apps for you..

Here a link to the book PHP and Mysql everyday Apps For Dummies

giannis christofakis

Get Into Pc - Download Free Your Desired App

I suggest also to see my wrapper Arrayzy. It's a native PHP arrays easy manipulation library in OOP way.

So if you work with native PHP array functions - you could do the same things in OOP and Arrayzy helps you with it, for example:

and

In both cases the result array will be:

Check how does this mergeWith method (or other) works under the hood.

I think this is a nice example which shows that almost everything functional code you could replace with OOP code like in this library. But with OOP you get much more and you could also check Functional programming vs OOP question to learn more details what's a cons and props of it.

Victor BocharskyVictor Bocharsky

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